Date types are pretty important but often overlooked (especially from a hack of a programmer like me) so to save myself a ton of headaches I've copied a table I found elsewhere on the internet for myself. The table came from: http://www.databasejournal.com/features/mssql/article.phpr/2212141
| bigint | Integer data from -2^63 through 2^63-1 |
| int | Integer data from -2^31 through 2^31 – 1 |
| smallint | Integer data from -2^15 through 2^15 – 1 |
| tinyint | Integer data from 0 through 255 |
| bit | Integer data with either a 1 or 0 value |
| decimal | Fixed precision and scale numeric data from -10^38 +1 through 10^38 -1 |
| numeric | Fixed precision and scale numeric data from -10^38 +1 through 10^38 -1 |
| money | Monetary data values from -2^63 through 2^63 – 1 |
| smallmoney | Monetary data values from -214,748.3648 through +214,748.3647 |
| float | Floating precision number data from -1.79E + 308 through 1.79E + 308 |
| real | Floating precision number data from -3.40E + 38 through 3.40E + 38 |
| datetime | Date and time data from January 1, 1753, through December 31, 9999, with an accuracy of 3.33 milliseconds |
| smalldatetime | Date and time data from January 1, 1900, through June 6, 2079, with an accuracy of one minute |
| char | Fixed-length character data with a maximum length of 8,000 characters |
| varchar | Variable-length data with a maximum of 8,000 characters |
| text | Variable-length data with a maximum length of 2^31 – 1 characters |
| nchar | Fixed-length Unicode data with a maximum length of 4,000 characters |
| nvarchar | Variable-length Unicode data with a maximum length of 4,000 characters |
| ntext | Variable-length Unicode data with a maximum length of 2^30 – 1 characters |
| binary | Fixed-length binary data with a maximum length of 8,000 bytes |
| varbinary | Variable-length binary data with a maximum length of 8,000 bytes |
| image | Variable-length binary data with a maximum length of 2^31 – 1 bytes |
| cursor | A reference to a cursor |
| sql_variant | A data type that stores values of various data types, except text, ntext, timestamp, and sql_variant |
| table | A special data type used to store a result set for later processing |
| timestamp | A database-wide unique number that gets updated every time a row gets updated |
| uniqueidentifier | A globally unique identifier |
